Types and functions of paint dispersants
Paint dispersants play a vital role in the paint process. They can effectively help solid particles such as pigments
and fillers to be evenly dispersed in the paint, prevent particles from
agglomerating, and thus improve the dispersibility, stability and performance of the paint. The following is a
detailed description of the main types of paint dispersants and their functions:
I. Type
Organosilicon dispersant
Main ingredient: silicone compounds are the main ingredient.
Features: Excellent heat resistance, weather resistance and chemical stability.
Function: It can effectively improve the dispersion effect and storage stability of epoxy paint. At the same time,
it can also reduce the viscosity of the paint, improve its leveling and
construction performance.
Polyester dispersant
Main ingredient: polyester resin is the main ingredient.
Features: It has good compatibility and dispersibility.
Function: It can effectively prevent the sedimentation and aggregation of pigments and fillers, and improve the
uniformity and gloss of the paint. In addition, it can enhance the adhesion and
corrosion resistance of the paint and improve the service life of the epoxy paint.
Polymer dispersant
Main ingredient: polymer compounds are the main ingredient.
Features: It has the characteristics of large molecular weight, good dispersion effect and high stability.
Function: It can effectively disperse pigments and fillers in the coating to form a stable dispersion system. At the
same time, it can also improve the thixotropy and anti-sagging properties of
the coating, making the epoxy paint easier to operate and control during the construction process.
Anionic wetting and dispersing agent
Structural characteristics: Most of them are composed of non-polar negatively charged lipophilic hydrocarbon chain
parts and polar hydrophilic groups. The two groups are located at both
ends of the molecule, forming an asymmetric hydrophilic and lipophilic molecular structure.
Varieties: Including sodium oleate C17H33COONa, carboxylates, sulfate ester salts (R-O-SO3Na), sulfonates (R-SO3Na), etc.
Function: Good compatibility, widely used in water-based coatings and inks.
Cationic wetting and dispersing agent
Structural characteristics: It is a compound with a non-polar base and positive charge.
Main types: mainly amine salts, quaternary ammonium salts, pyridinium salts, etc.
Function: Good dispersing effect on carbon black, various iron oxides, and organic pigments. However, it should be
noted that it reacts chemically with the carboxyl group in the base material
and should not be used at the same time as anionic dispersants.
Nonionic wetting dispersant
Features: It is not ionized in water, has no charge, and has weak adsorption on the pigment surface.
Main types: It is mainly divided into glycol and polyol types.
Function: It is mainly used in water-based coatings to reduce surface tension and improve wettability. It is used in
combination with anionic dispersants as a wetting agent or emulsifier, and is
widely used in water-based color pastes, water-based coatings and inks.
Amphoteric wetting dispersant
Structural characteristics: A compound composed of anions and cations, typically a phosphate ester type polymer.
Function: This type of polymer has a high acid value, which may affect the interlayer adhesion.
Electroneutral wetting dispersant
Structural characteristics: The size of the anionic and cationic organic groups in the molecule is basically equal, and
the entire molecule is neutral, but it has polarity.
2. Functional Overview
The main functions of baking paint dispersants include:
Improve dispersibility: By reducing the surface tension of solid particles such as pigments and fillers, it is easier to
disperse in the liquid, form a uniform suspension system, and avoid pigment
agglomeration.
Improve coating performance: Optimize the viscosity, fluidity, drying and other properties of the coating, thereby
improving the quality and use effect of the coating.
Improve production efficiency: Shorten the dispersion time of solid particles such as pigments and fillers, reduce
energy consumption and wear during the grinding process, and reduce
production costs.
Enhance the quality of the paint film: Due to the uniform dispersion of pigments and fillers, the quality and
appearance of the coating film are significantly improved, with better gloss and
fullness.
In summary, there are various types of baking paint dispersants, each of which has its own unique structural and
functional characteristics. When selecting and using, it is necessary to
reasonably match and adjust according to the specific baking paint system and process requirements to ensure the
best dispersion effect and coating quality.
